Six Sigma Concepts

Sigma is a statistical measure of variation in a process. We say a process has achieved six
sigma if the quality is 3.4 DPMO (Defect per Million opportunities). It’s a problem
solving methodology that can be applied to a process to eliminate the root cause of
defects and costs associated with the same.

design process in SIX sigma :

The main focus of SIX sigma is on reducing defects and variations in the processes.DMAIC and DMADV are the models used in most SIX sigma initiatives. DMADV is model for designing process while DMAIC is for improving the process.

DMADV model has the below five steps:-

· Define: - Determine the project goals and the requirements of customers (external and internal).
· Measure: - Assess customer needs and specifications.
· Analyze: - Examine process options to meet customer requirements.
· Design: - Develop the process to meet the customer requirements.
· Verify: - Check the design to ensure that it’s meeting customer requirements

DMAIC model has the below five steps:-

· Define the projects, the goals, and the deliverables to customers (internal and external). Describe and quantify both the defect and the expected improvement.
· Measure the current performance of the process. Validate data to make sure it is credible and set the baselines.
· Analyze and determine the root cause(s) of the defects. Narrow the causal factors to the vital few.
· Improve the process to eliminate defects. Optimize the vital few and their interrelationships.
· Control the performance of the process. Lock down the gains.